EIP-3322: Account gas storage opcodes

Author	William Morriss
Discussions-To	https://ethereum-magicians.org/t/eip-3322-efficient-gas-storage/5470
Status	Stagnant
Type	Standards Track
Category	Core
Created	2020-03-04

Simple Summary

Allows contract accounts to store gas that can be transferred to the refund counter.

Abstract

Contracts can persist gas for later transfer to the refund counter. Three opcodes are introduced to read, add to, and use this gas counter.

Motivation

The refund mechanism is currently being used by gas tokens to arbitrage gas price. This brings gas supply elasticity and price stability by moving gas from blocks with less demand to blocks with more demand. Unfortunately this rewards unnecessary state growth. By introducing a superior gas storage mechanism, the gas market will require less storage and computation.

Specification

Contract accounts gain an unsigned gas refund counter, initially zero.

Three new opcodes are introduced to manage this state.

• SELFGAS (0x49): Pushes the current account’s gas refund counter onto the stack. Shares gas pricing with SELFBALANCE.
• USEGAS (0x4a): Pops amount from the stack. The minimum of amount and the current account’s gas refund counter is transferred to the execution context’s refund counter. Costs 5000 gas.
• STOREGAS (0x4b): Pops amount from the stack. Costs 5000 + amount gas. Increases the current account’s gas refund counter by amount.

Rationale

By reusing the execution context’s refund counter we can reuse its 50% DoS protection, which limits its block elasticity contribution to 2x.

The gas costs are based on similar opcodes SELFBALANCE and SSTORE.

Most accounts will store no gas, so the per-account storage overhead should be minimal or even zero in the normal case.

The opcode numbers chosen are in the same 0x4X range as SELFBALANCE and GASLIMIT.

Backwards Compatibility

Because the gas is added to the refund counter, no compatibility issues are anticipated.

Test Cases

| Code | Used Gas | Refund | Original | Final | |——————|———-|——–|———-|——-| | 0x60004900 | 5003 | 0 | 0 | 0 | | 0x60034900 | 5003 | 2 | 2 | 0 | | 0x60034900 | 5003 | 3 | 3 | 0 | | 0x60034900 | 5003 | 3 | 4 | 1 | | 0x60034960034900 | 10006 | 4 | 4 | 0 | | 0x60034960034900 | 10006 | 6 | 6 | 0 | | 0x484900 | 5010 | 100000 | 100000 | 0 | | 0x61ffff4a00 | 70538 | 0 | 0 | 65535 |

Security Considerations

DoS is already limited by the 50% refund limit.

Copyright

Copyright and related rights waived via CC0.

Citation

Please cite this document as:

William Morriss, "EIP-3322: Account gas storage opcodes," Ethereum Improvement Proposals, no. 3322, March 2020. [Online serial]. Available: https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-3322.